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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.
$ s' Y8 z, l" d& E. j& H昨天我看了一個TED演講,,來自新西蘭的語言學(xué)家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學(xué)習(xí)的方法,。在評估了所有語言學(xué)習(xí)的研究之后,,他總結(jié)出了5個原則,、7個行動,。他相信只要遵從這5個原則,、踐行這7個行動,,任何人都能在6個月內(nèi)學(xué)會一種外語。
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' G8 j0 g1 T' cThe five principles are:, `# L \3 L. P/ Z
5個原則:) p& z% x, z+ O$ U% [& y
1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.! d4 F: S; {' X; {/ W! k
專注和你日常相關(guān)的語言內(nèi)容,。
6 B8 c c3 g k @2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.
1 z6 G9 b U4 [( s9 F3 p) a0 X6 P從學(xué)習(xí)這門語言的第一天開始,,就把它當(dāng)做你的交流方式。4 I% W' q8 B8 I4 I( z; u
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.; `2 A, ^- I. q' O" a
當(dāng)你明白含義之后,,你會慢慢不知不覺地習(xí)得這門語言,。% e4 o' @8 o% C9 B. I
4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training." f& v" s& R7 y6 I$ {- O6 p
語言學(xué)習(xí)不是大量知識的積累,而更像是一種生理訓(xùn)練,。
5 | Z: f2 _& ^+ o; z V5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.& p; F. ~* E: T z( ~6 x9 A4 L: {
心理狀態(tài)和生理狀態(tài)都很重要:你需要愉快,、放松,最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性,。對于細枝末節(jié)不要過于糾結(jié),,因為那會把你逼瘋的,。* j: R+ D$ ^4 Y9 w! o9 e
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The seven actions are: Z! z1 K3 q4 u) D" T0 v
7個行動:) E8 J" y: g/ j6 E S. _6 X
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.) ? O6 l3 X6 ~9 s
多聽——理解與否不重要,盡管去聽吧,!去聽聽語言節(jié)奏和說話模式,。
/ Y2 k. J7 C5 @* @: \9 }& y2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.( t; K* B j E0 S
先專注理解整體意思,再弄清單詞含義,。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助,。. ?4 Z) u; I8 K
3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
! A# x" \9 n: s2 p9 l開始混合,創(chuàng)造話語并使用你所學(xué)到的一切,。
- V# {2 D8 @" F4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more. |# m8 t) y' }. V% B
把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯,,利用你已經(jīng)學(xué)會的東西學(xué)到更多。" {( [4 D' j* D
5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.
; }9 n3 I$ Y. n0 H' m4 I找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人,,或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人,。注意,語伴不會糾正你的錯誤,,但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現(xiàn)做出反饋,。
. U/ {$ m2 u( r( W* M. m6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.
, J" D) _8 u/ y+ o+ n; @: b模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學(xué)習(xí)的新語言,,你要觀看他們講話,觀察他們的面部表情,、尤其是講話時的嘴型,。5 D) B/ Q1 U1 U; l7 k# x. J& g
7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.
- f; F1 A3 Y q: a$ A6 b在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯(lián)系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內(nèi)部表象產(chǎn)生直接聯(lián)系。 |
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